Theory:
A simple pendulum consists of a mass "m" hanging on the
end of light string of length "L" When the mass is deflected from its
equilibrium, it oscillates back and forth.
The time for one complete oscillation is called the period time
of the simple pendulum. For small angles of deflection the pendulum motion
described by Simple harmonic motion.
Simple Harmonic Motion is defined as a motion in which the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement of the body from its equilibrium position
The direction of this restoring force is always towards the
equilibrium position.
The acceleration of a particle executing simple harmonic motion is
given by:
Here, w is the angular frequency of the particle.
We can deduce that:
The frequency f is measured in cycles per/second (Hz) and the angular frequency is usually measured in radians per second.
Using the definition of the angular frequency and the reciprocal relationship between period of time and frequency
According to the above relation you
should note that, the time period of a simple pendulum depends on the length
of the pendulum (L) and is completely independent of the mass of the pendulum
bob.
Tools:
Pendulum bob, string, meter scale, stopwatch.
Procedures:
1- Measure the length of pendulum from top to the middle of the bob
of the pendulum.
2- Determine the time (t) for 10 oscillations using stopwatch (using very small amplitudes such as
3- Determine the periods of one oscillation T=t/10
4- Repeat the experiment for different lengths
of the pendulum L.
5- Calculate acceleration sue to gravity g
using the given formula.
6- Record your results in the following table:
7- Draw a graph between L on the x-axis and T2 on the y-axis, then you will get a straight line its slope equals
Results:
The acceleration due to gravity(g) determined using simple pendulum
is
i) By calculation = ………………………………………………….. m/s2
ii) By graph = ………………………………………………. m/s2
تعليقات
إرسال تعليق