Aim of the experiment:
Determination of the acceleration of a falling object (acceleration
due to gravity) assuming that the only force acting on the object is the
gravitational force.
Theory:
Acceleration is the rate at which, over time, an object speed changes
According to Newton's second law (Law of
acceleration), the net force exerting on an object is directly proportional
to its acceleration
The object is subject to a free falling if the only force acting
on the falling object is the
gravitational force. The net force will equal its weight
Neglecting air resistance, all objects regardless of size or weight will
found to fall at the same point near the surface of the earth with the same acceleration
g (acceleration due to gravity).
:The following equation of motion could be considered to describe the object motion
:If the object started the motion from rest (vi = 0) so we may write
Where d is the vertical distance = 𝑦𝑓 – 𝑦𝑖
:Tools
Free falling apparatus included an electrical
magnet, optical gate, timer, ruler and a steel ball
Procedures:
1- Adjust the optical gate at a definite
distance (d) in cm from the magnet.
2-
Attach the steel ball to the magnet.
3-
Release the ball then you can find the corresponding time (t) in ms.
4- The acceleration of gravity g can be co
mputed by measuring the drop distance and the
fall time
from equation (2)
(for
distance d in m and time t in s)
5- Repeat the above steps for different values
of d.
6- It is
better to determine the time of three trials then take the average time t.
7- Record your results in the following table.
8- Draw a graph between t2 (s2) on the x-axis and the
distance d (m) on the y-axis, then the following straight line passing through
the origin is obtained.
Slope = ………………………….
g =
……………………………. m/s2
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